Art critics are typically staff of particular publications, such as a magazine or newspaper, but they can work independently or they can be academics and they can be published in a variety of sources. They judge creative works and situate the work in a cultural context.
Here are the places I recommend for art criticism:
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Art historians are academics. The history part of their job title is important. Rather than judge a work, they situate the work in a historical context, taking into account how art and the economic, technological, religious, political (etc.) forces impact one another. Their work is published in journals. Here is where I would go for their research:
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